conductors and insulators.

conductors:

                 The substance which is the least resistant in the flow of current and which is easily passed from the pedestal to the current, is known as the conductor, the conductor is also called the conductor. Copper, aluminum, iron, electrolyte etc. are metal conductors

Insulator:

                The objects which are blocking the flow of currents in very high proportion, and from which the electrices can not pass through easily, are referred to as insulators. The inventor can also be called an insulator, Rubber, Asbestos, Bekalite, Mica, Ambonite, Wood , Etc. are known as insulators.

Difference between conductor and insulator

1	The number of free electrons increasedIn the objects which are in their acrosFrom the simplicity of voltage-inducing currentPermitting to flowThe objects that are called are called conductors		The number of free electrons in greater proportionThose objects containing their acrowsFrom the simplicity of voltage-inducing currentNot giving permission to driveThey are called insulators
2	The substance barrier is very lowAnd the electric currents easilyThe carrier that allows passageIs called		The substance barrier is very highAnd the electric currents easilyThe object that does not allow passageCalled insulator
3	The conductor uses an electric currentTo move from place to placeIs done		Insulated use protection from currentTo happen
4	Good conductor of silver, copper, aluminum, etc.There is an exampleGood conductor of silver, copper, aluminum, etc.There is an example		Good insulator like Mica, Rubber, Suku wood, glass, etc.There is an example.

What is electricity?

   

    Hello friends, we have many electrical or electrical equipment available everywhere, we use kahini electricity in the day, a large part of our entire life passes through electricity but we do not even know what electricity is ? How does he grow? It is said to be born? These questions arise in our mind but there is no one to answer them, so why have you come today in response to this question, let us know.

 What is electricity? (What is electricity?):

                              According to scientist J. Thomson, nothing is known only as electrons, ie that the flow of electrons is called electricity, electricity and electricity are the same, we can not see the electricity, but they can definitely feel, like Conversion of electricity to light, heat, magnetic and other physical effects.

How Does Electricity Occur?

                              Large generators are used for generating electricity and for the help of large turbines, water, air, and coal are used for generating electricity.

Electricity is said to be born?

                           Electricity is grown in large large plants such as Thermal Power Station, Hydro Electric Power Station, Wind Power Station, Solar Power Station
    1.Thermal Power Station (which produces electricity with the help of coal)
    Hydro Electric Power Station (where electricity is generated from the water)
    3.Wind Power Station (which produces electricity by air)
    4. Solar power station (where electricity is generated from Sunlight)

What is a transformer? Explain its work principle, design, and use

          same  frequencies, a fixed part of the electronic instrument to convert the power from one circuit into another circuit, called a transformer, increases or decreases the voltage and decreases or decreases in the current with it. The value of the power remains the same during this process. That does not change the Transformer works on the rule of electrodynamic induction of Faraday

Principle:

              Transformer works on the theory of electromagnetism and electromagnetic induction. When two claws are held near them. And if one passes through AC coefficient, the second coil also has an emf indusus which is at the flux produced in the first coil. Based

Formation:

            The main part of the transformer is the core and the wing

1.Cor:

            Transformer's core combustibles are made of slim straps of silicon steel, these stripes are laminated. These strips are more resistant to straps and less hysteresis losses. The thickness of these stripes is 0.35 mm to 0.55 mm. And all the stripes are put into paper by placing the varnish or enamel and insulated from each other. For this, two types of core are used. Which are shown in the figure which are called the core type and shell type

       

2.Winding:

               One is vinded on both the sides of the core. There is no direct connection between these two wings. The only electromagnetic induction is the relation. A sound from the two vibrations is called the primary sounding which is connected to the supply. When the other winding Is called secondary sounding. Output is obtained from it. Use of super anamorphic copper wire for this sounding Is.

Use:

                    Using a transformer we can see every space such as an electronic device, as well as a large substation that is useful for the increase or decrease of voltage, and it is also used in many places.

D.C.4 point starter

The formation of this starter has been shown in the figure. We have seen that DC motors can not be combined with direct supply because the motor is damaged. To avoid this, the starter is used. We use the DC stator And we will now know about the DC4 point starter
           

                   Its composition has been shown as shown in the figure. We can see that one end of the DC solution is given in overloaded relay, and given in the handle. It is arranged in accordance with the order of the motor of the motor through Resistance. .and the other end of the DC clearway is given directly to the other terminal of the motor, ie, the starter is attached to the motor series. The nvc coil is also found in the stator Holds the handle on the motor coming to the fullspeed
                     Now when the collapse of the current supply falls, the magnetism of the nvc coil will be lost and the handle will come back into a closed position with the help of spring and the handle will not turn on until the reloaded handle is re-rotated.
                      Now when the current motors overload the question of overload, more flow will pass through the overloaded relay, and in it the magnet produces the strip against it as a result and both the nvc coil's terminal short nvc coil magnetism is destroyed and the handle will be re-closed. And the motor will be closed
                          So this was the 4 point starter's procedure

D.C 3 POINT STARTER

               

                 It can also be called a three point starter. Its structure is shown in Figure. To start the motor, the handle is moved from off position to the first contact position. The total obstacle is in the armature circuit, the field connection is connected directly to the supply through a volt coil. Comes in as soon as the speed of the motor increases in the same way as the archete back emf emits and decreases in the value of current Now the handle is moved to the second step. Again this type of function will be done eventually at the last step of the handle. This time the armature will connect directly to the supply and this time the handle does not come with a no-volt coil. The magnet will hold the handle in the walt coil, and the motor will not need to hold the handle to continue and the motor will rotate in full speed.
                  Mechanism of 3 points Starter is done so that if the magnetism of the nvc coil is exhausted for any reason, and the handle will be re-off position through the spring, then the supply will not be supplied directly to the motor, with the handle again All the process has to be done, the overloaded relay in the starter is also fitted. It also protects from overload. In the mechanism of which the motor is overloaded
                         There is a 3-point Starter equipped with such safety systems

Battery charging

 Battery charging:

    Battery charging means that the secondary cell density is less than 0.8 or it is charged immediately to recharge the battery.
                      Generally, DC to charge secondary cell. Is used but every space is in DC Since there is no getting it, AC needs to be converted into DC and then the battery is charged. This type of tangor bulb type rectifier is usually used, The motor generator set is used for this method where the battery is charged.
                     For this, the connection of the positive terminal of the DC source should be done with the positive terminal of the battery and the connection of the negative negative terminal of the source should be done with the negative negative terminal of the battery. If the polarity succeeds, then the DC ends the two ends of the source connecting the battery Negative wires submersing in acidic water or submerged water will have a higher level of bubbles. So the concept of polio Sector.
                      Now we will learn about the methods of battery charging which are used in the following two types of methods.

1.constant current charging method and
2.constant volteg charging method

1.constant current charging method :

                                       This method is used where high voltage DC cleaning is found, but the voltage of the battery should be low in such circumstances. Now the battery is not emf less compared to the supply voltage. So that in the battery series Lamp or Resistance is connected. That controls the charging current. This method is not so useful due to loss in this way.
                                       By this method, many batteries attached to the series can be charged. However, the battery gets disconnected due to the battery voltage more than the supply voltage voltage.
                                     Charging current I = V-Eb / R + r

                                                                                           V = DC Supply voltage
                                                                                        Eb = Counter emf of battery
                                                                                          R = Outer barrier of lamp or resistor
                                                                                            r = Internal barrier of battery

 Advantages and disadvantages:

      This way, the battery charging increases the life expectancy but it takes more time to charge in charging. It is often disadvantaged to check the value of charging current frequently.

2.constant current charging method 

                      In this way, the charging or supply voltage for the full time of charging is kept constant and therefore it is known as a steady voltage method. Change in the value of the charging current, by controlling the Field Regulator of Dynamo or by controlling the speed of the primary movers. Initially the charging current value is too high or higher, which decreases in battery emf This is a common way to charge the battery

Advantages and disadvantages:

         This way, it takes less time to charge than charging that the battery is charged much faster than this method, whereas this method reduces the efficiency of the battery and reduces battery life.
                            However, battery can also be charged using AC solution. This type of method is used only for D.C.Apliance. However, if the AC supply is available only then in the case of the first receiptfire. AC supply conversion is done by DC supply in the use of the Rectifier full wave or the Half Wave. In this way, the value of the first voltage is reduced by the transformer to DC


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Why is the need for a starter to start DCMotor?

       

                    When the motor comes in to start, the resistance of the armature will be zero, since the starting current will pass through the armature in a very large amount. However, if this motor is connected directly to the line, then in that case, it may get very much current in the beginning. That fuse flies and damages to the motor's commutator and also damages the carbon brush
               Eg. 440 v, 3.75kw. The idea of ​​the motor's resistance to the order is 0.25 ohm and the value of the flower load current is 50 A. Now if the motor is directly started on the line, then in the case of the motor will take 440 / 0.25 = 1760A The value of which will be 35.2 times the load current.
                In order to avoid this, the resistance in the series of Artefacts is introduced only for start of 5 to 10 seconds for which the start of the start-up value is in the limit and the resistance is removed when the motor comes in full speed. The motor can be prevented from loss due to start-up
                Although a pair of motorcycles with a direct supply to the smallest motor can be started, there is no harm to such a motor. Thus, the starter is used to start the motor to prevent such type of damage.